First, of course asking directly and denying a job is illegal. However, this is why they have invented those "where do you see yourself in ten years" and psychological tests for. You have to pretend you are not being asked directly, the same way they pretend they are not asking. Do not underestimate their ability to get round any formal "legal" problems. I know this because I worked directly with CEOs of huge companies. Your chances of proving there was discriminating behaviour are small, and that filing and complaining might "spread" and make it difficult to get another position.
Another thing, women with small children are more likely to leave work early, ot to take sick days off because of young kids. There are many things you could argue there. The way I have seen, they are forced to make up for it. What I have seen is that once they start doing that their chances of not being promoted or being on the list for the next "cut" when they are "downsizing" is higher.
But, above all, to me the real question is: why are the mothers taking days off and leaving early? why aren't them sharing that burden equally with the fathers?
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